The effects of BNH on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory enzymes including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were evaluated using Western blot analysis. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The nitric oxide (NO) production was measured using the Griess assay. hydrosols (BNH) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.MethodsĬomposition analysis of BNH was conducted via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after BNH were extracted. To demonstrate the anti-inflammatory activity of Brassica napus L. Overall, our findings suggest that SP has better anti-inflammation potential, whereas MP has better cell proliferation and antiapoptotic potential in vitro. However, MP treatment at an appropriate concentration in the absence of LPS exhibited an antiapoptotic activity via modulating pro- (Bak) and antiapoptotic (B cell lymphoma 2) protein expression ratios, suggesting that MP may protect primary immune cells from apoptotic cell death. SP and MP treatments in the absence of LPS, and SP treatments in the presence of LPS significantly decreased T helper type 1/T helper type 2 (p < 0.05), and SP in the presence of LPS slightly decreased tumor necrosis factor-α/interleukin-10 (pro-/anti-inflammatory) cytokine secretion ratios by splenocytes, suggesting that SP has strong and MP has mild anti-inflammation potential via modulating cytokine secretion profiles. The results showed that SP and MP treatment at appropriate concentrations significantly increased the proliferation of splenocytes (p < 0.05). The cell pellet was used for the determination of anti-/proapoptotic protein (B cell lymphoma 2/Bak) levels in the cells using the Western blotting method. The culture supernatant was used for cytokine secretion assay using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. SP and MP in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were administered to splenocytes for 48 hours. This study isolated polysaccharides from strawberry (SP) and mulberry (MP) fruit juice to compare their cytokine secretion regulatory and antiapoptotic activities using murine primary splenocytes. This study suggests that the proteinaceous constituents of red cabbage juice show an anti-inflamma-tory potential via increasing IL-10, but decreasing TNF-α secretions using LPS-stimulated mouse splenocytes. ![]() ![]() ![]() The ammonium sulfate precipitated proteins from red cabbage juice, especially the chromatographic fraction 4 (F4) through the Sephadex LH-20 column, significantly (P < 0.01) increased an anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL-10) from 1,547 ± 106 to 2,060 ± 83 pg/mL, but significantly (P < 0.05) decreased a pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) secretions using LPS-stimulated mouse splenocytes from 1,137 ± 71 to 789 ± 167 pg/mL. After the activated charcoal absorption treatment, the levels of protein (5.2 ± 0.0%), phenolics (0.2 ± 0.0%), and flavonoids (0.0 ± 0.1%) in RCA, except carbohydrate (39.2 ± 2.5%), were significantly decreased. The results showed that the lyophilized RC powder was rich in protein (30.2 ± 0.2%), carbohydrate (33.8 ± 6.0%), phenolics (2.8 ± 0.3%), and flavonoids (1.1 ± 0.1%). The crude and protein-rich samples from RC were administered to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -stimulated BALB/c mouse splenocyte cultures for 48 hours. The RC was first absorbed using activated charcoal (RCA), then partially purified using a Sephadex LH-20 column and finally precipitated using saturated ammonium sulfate solution to obtain the protein-rich fractions. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory effects of proteinaceous constituents from red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.
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